Bob Crachit Essay

How does Dickens use imagery and language to present the character of Ebenezer Scrooge in Stave one of ‘A Christmas Carol? ‘ Charles Dickens started writing ‘A Christmas Carol’ in the 18th Century. Whilst writing the novel he was experiencing a world that had totally forgotten about Christmas and had no time for it. It was the industrial revolution, things were changing and with it the people were. They did not have time to enjoy Christmas they were more bothered about earning money. This is the kind of character Scrooge is which I will explain later on. Being in this kind of world affected Dickens novel; but it also influenced him to create a character called Scrooge. Who wouldn’t care about Christmas; and only caring for business and money. Dickens knew that if he could get people into the Christmas spirit by attracting their attention to his novel. But little did he know he was about to re-inject the Christmas spirit into Britain. Dickens kicks off his extravagant novel by introducing a dead character with the name of Marley who he chose to create as a Ghost. By starting off his novel like this Dickens is directly addressing the reader – by using the word ‘You’: ‘You will therefore permit me to repeat emphatically, that Marley was as dead as a door-nail’. By addressing the reader like this it automatically draws the reader into the story as though they are experiencing what Dickens is trying to make them experience – by making them apart of the story by being addressed directly. It also makes the reader want to know more for example they might want to know why Marley is dead and therefore this makes them read on. The main character of the novel is named Scrooge. He is present by dickens as a: ‘Squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner! ‘ By doing this it makes the reader think that Scrooge is an old, mean, miserable man. Of which has no friends in existence – excluding his past. Dickens mentions that Scrooge is: ‘Squeezing’ Meaning that he would ‘Squeeze’ every last drop out of anything he could, not only money but make people work over their limit. For example Bob Cratchit, his apprentice would work as hard as he could each day, and make Scrooge feel that Bob hasn’t got away with easy money. Scrooge is described by Dickens in many different ways; for example Dickens compares him with other things:’External heat and cold had little influence on Scrooge. No warmth could warm, nor wintry weather chill him. No wind that blew was bitterer than he. ‘ In this small paragraph dickens has used a good use of imagery – weather imagery. He compares Scrooge with the weather and shows that he a cold person who could never be warm hearted. Dickens shows that Scrooge has no feeling, nothing can chill him, and nothing can warm him. Scrooge is immensely described as worse than the weather: ‘No wind that blew was bitter than he’ This meaning nothing could be worse than Scrooge; Dickens insults his own character with no grief. Nothing could be worse than having Scrooge on your case – he is bitterer than the wind. Dickens goes on to downgrade Scrooge to nothing by saying rain, show, hail and sleet could: ‘Boast an advantage over him, they often came down handsomely and Scrooge never did’. This meaning that the weather could come down gently and calmly but Scrooge is an old man who is not gentle or calm instead fierce and very uptight. Myself as a reader I would feel that Scrooge is an old hag who is most likely very lonely and despises everyone but himself; and that he is very selfish and would never spare a penny to anyone but himself. I would also feel that Dickens is trying to get across a strong description of Scrooge. When Dickens was describing Scrooge a key line is: ‘The cold within him froze his old features’. The line above has no meaning, for example it adds to his description and as a reader it could feel as though the cold within him has frozen his good side like an ice age. It exists inside him but he can’t release it. Another example is: ‘Hard and sharp as a flint’ This is a simile; it shows two sides of Scrooge. Flint is a rock; which was used by humans in the Stone Age. It was used for two things, which shows two sides of Scrooge. They used it for warmth which shows that Scrooge could have a good side in him, and they also used it for weapons, to harm things i. e. a tool could cut you. This shows the bad side of Scrooge – he is two faced. Once the reader hears about Scrooge’s appearance, we think as if Scrooge was a ghost, or he was dead with his corpse still existing. Dickens uses adjectives like: ‘Blue lips’ ‘Red eyes’ These lines make us think as if Scrooge was dead because he has frozen lips and bloodshot eyes as if he doesn’t sleep. It makes the reader feel aware of how dangerously scary Scrooge looks to go with his attitude and lifestyle. The place in which Scrooge’s house is situated also shows his personality. His house is away from other houses and is in the middle of a business district. Also, inside his house it is dark and gloomy he double locks the doors as if to lock himself away form the world. His house sets the scene for later in the novel. His house reminds the reader of a haunted house; linking Scrooge with his description of being like a ghost. Scrooge doesn’t like Christmas. The word which he uses to sum up Christmas is: ‘Humbug’ Meaning nonsense. Scrooge makes a speech about Christmas to his nephew, part of it is: ‘Merry Christmas! Out upon merry Christmas! What’s Christmas time to you but a time for paying bills without money; a time for finding yourself a year older, and not an hour richer’ This sums up what he feels about Christmas. He doesn’t see the fun side of it, or the religious side of celebrating a special time in the Christian faith. He just looks at the gloomy side, and thinks it is a waste of time. Also Scrooge talks bout money, saying you find yourself a year older, and not an hour richer, and also saying it is just a time where you have to pay the bills showing again he is thinking bout his money and nothing else. Scrooge also says that the poor don’t have a right to be happy: ‘What right have you to be merry? What reason have you to be merry? You’re poor enough. ‘ He’s saying that the poor should be unhappy, that they are not rich enough to be happy, and that they should be gloomy and sad and not have the right to have a good time. This shocks the reader. Before, the reader just feels that Scrooge is gloomy and lonely, but now they feel as though Scrooge is a cold-hearted, nasty, mean old man who doesn’t care about anybody but himself. Later in the novel we find out more about why Scrooge may be like this. I think Scrooge thinks this way about Christmas because of how he was treated by his father when he was a child. His father used to leave him alone and not take him home from boarding school but leave him there in a dull little room reading books. Scrooge once fell in love with a woman called Bell. This brought the Christmas spirit into him but then they broke up and that made Scrooge go back to hating Christmas. When people saw Scrooge in the street nobody would stop him to talk, everyone would leave him alone and not dare speak to him. ‘Even the blind men’s dogs appeared to know him; and they saw him coming on, would tug their owners into doorways and up courts; and then would their tails as thought they said, ‘no eye at all is better than an evil eye’ This sentence shows what everyone thought of Scrooge.

The Price of Happiness

People all around the world work their hardest to ensure that they have a happy life for them and their families. Happiness as we know cannot be bought with money, but Ben L. Ashcraft states that everything in life comes with a price tag, including happiness, and through our choices we select the price we are willing to pay. Ashcraft refers to a quote by James E. Fraust who stated â€Å"If you're not willing to pay the price of success, you will pay the price of failure.†Ashcraft says that being successful will lead to a happy life, although success has an up-front fee where not all beings are willing to pay, as opposed to failure where you are allowed a grace period before you are required to begin paying. He suggests developing a â€Å"long-term vision† in which people may see the result of their actions down the road. So does happiness have a price? it does, the price is the choices we make in our lives, the choice to travel the road of success of failure.Happiness c annot be bought with money, as cliche as it sounds it is absolutely true. The price of happiness can be paid by the choices we make in life. People always state that we pay the price of our mistakes , but we also pay the price of happiness. Ashcraft writes that being responsible, admitting to mistakes, apologizing, getting an education, telling the truth, making changes, repairing relationships, etc†¦ are the cost of success. As simple and easy as they sound they might be truly difficult in some situations.For example, an employee in a company makes an unintentional error at his job that leads to a chain of mistakes throughout the place of work which causes major commotion and confusion. That employee, although being terrified of his mistake, admits the fault he has done, takes responsibility and becomes determined in fixing his blunder. By that difficult choice, he has shown that he can be a responsible and dependable being, which can be a major positive feature to his future in that company.However, most people will not own up to their mistakes which may begin their travel on the road of failure. Suppose that employee does not take responsibility of his error but instead be dishonest about the situation and inflict the damage he has done upon another worker where he aims to be clear out of any trouble, which at the time may have been an easier choice. Ashcraft calls that a grace period before you are required to begin paying, in this case paying for his mistakes.It is known that no mistake goes unpunished, when the company figures out that the employee responsible was deceitful and corrupt, they take severe actions toward him. Not only did he lose his job, but he lost his credibility and trust between his colleagues and other companies who have heard of his name and his procedures, thus making it tougher for him to find another job in his area of expertise. Ben L. Ashcraft suggests that â€Å"long-term vision† can be of magnificent help to avoid failure, which in my opinion can be a great benefit in our lives.He compares it to driving on a windy dark road with poor headlights. You could miss a curve or crash. Long-Term is like turning on the bright light and seeing what the results of your actions might be â€Å"down the road†. Although the price of success may be rather difficult in the beginning, or a certain amount or pressure may come with it, but in the long-term it will decrease tremendously and become easier to pay.Not so the price of failure, for it may stack up to enormous amounts, that will cause grief and despair in your life and those around you. There is no way to escape paying the price of your actions. Take that young man who took responsibility for his slip-up, he was clearly looking forward towards the future for he knew if he was untruthful that would be a vast hit to his career which may cause a great amount of unrest and instability in his life. Indeed there is a price to happiness, every choice w e make whether good or bad will affect it.As hard as paying up-front for success may be, we must always accomplish it or try our best to, for in the long-term we will reap the goodness out of that choice. On the other hand, we may have the option of taking a different path that may lead to failure. That path may be trouble-free and uncomplicated at first, but the problems will catch up to us, those we thought we were liberated from, and they will ruin our lives. We have the ability to decide what the price of our happiness is, how abundantly present it may be in our lives or the opposite. Choose wisely.

A View of Crisis Intervention for Psychotherapy - myassignmenthelp

Social work practice deals with helping people obtain visible services in terms of either counselling and psychotherapy with people and groups, it aims at helping them improve their social being and also their health services. For this to be carried out it requires knowledge of the human behaviour on how he she carry out the social and cultural well-being of institutions. it can also be referred to as a helping profession as its main aim is to boost a societies faults into good tidings especially in the regions where a problem is rampant Thyer (2010).   There is also the aspect of Management which comes from the word manage which means to forecast and to plan, to show authority over while coordinating and controlling how things are to be done and handled Thyer (2010).   Theoretically, it involves knowing how to be able to control this basic point so as to contribute to the success of an enterprise, the basics are identifying the rules, procedures, objective and mission. Management is normally handled by those in the lead of the chain in the hierarchy in the aspect of directors and managers who have the clearance to make decisions that critically carry the stability of the company. Sizes of management vary depending on the type of business as the size matters so as to be able to put it in check Sandhu, (2010).   The issue being investigated here is crisis intervention which is in a way of ensuring that a person has the proper mental tools in place and also physically so as to be able to use problems as therapeutic leverage for good positive outcomes and also the management of clients. Its priority is increasing stabilisation, it normally occurs without being prepared for in other terms at the spur of the moment type of way and happens in all types of settings, by so it can cause trauma. Crisis intervention aims at offering a helpful hand to the people who are given care due to having abnormal amounts of stress which render a person unfit even to work, it tries to stop the downward spiral that a worker may be experiencing and at least return them to their pre-crisis functioning. It occurs in societal levels and personal thus it’s a big problem that is seen around but proper ways of dealing with it are not avidly followed up Wainrib (2008).   Trauma is the process whereby a person or society experiences a given occurrence that changes their outlook on things in so that they get demoralised and lose their self-esteem and social support. It is normally captured when you see a person making threats to kill themselves, witnessing homicide or losing their belongings in terms of things that they hold really dear to themselves and cannot see themselves carrying out a task without the thing they have lost. Some of the instances that require intervention range from school shootings, natural calamities and the terrorist attacks. This type of crisis is handled by the counsellors as their basic concern is assessing the individual’s awareness of resources, as a person’s first reactions are being in denial and in shock. The crisis intervention has 6 stages that are used to help individuals and societies to regain a sense of control and restore them to their basic selves. The first stage is defining the problem, this is where the issue at hand is put in front and checked into so as to know what the problem is. By this, it helps create a bond between yourself and the person who experienced the crisis.at this stage, the aspect of being an active listener helps a lot as it Is what is used to be able to give a direct answer to what happened and why. The second stage is keeping the client safe, this is in regards to safety precautions given where the client is checked whether he she is on verge of committing suicide or homicide. So, by the aspect of keeping the client safe, they ought to remove the client's access to equipment that they may use to hurt or hurt others with, in so saying cutting of means to suicide Wainrib (2008).   Step three falls on giving support whereby when the problem at hand has been handled and also clearly defined the crisis worker should take in the client warmly and accommodate them. This is done so that they know they are loved and cared for as the crisis personnel can even chip in on the cost of basic needs for them in order to help them recuperate appropriately, and also ensuring they understand and know that there are open options of ways they can get assistance to be well Thyer (2010).   The fourth option is examining alternatives which entail the client being able to further looking into what they have and looking into what options they have to deal with the problem at hand.  Ã‚   A crisis worker comes in at the point where he she finds a client’s coping skills with the encountered problem is becoming difficult and they are not being able to control the situations that come into play. Thus, on examining alternatives it tries to help this type of people by having three categories of potential options being, situational supports who are people who work or live with the affected person and personnel who care about what actually happens to them. There are the coping mechanisms are the resources that a client can use to get through a tough change as it helps them partake in things they love doing so as to keep their minds very positive and to ensure they are able to recover smoothly and explore what they used to do in the past, present and future. The third aspe ct is having positive and constructive thinking patterns which imply having diverse ways of thinking that can be used to help the clients re-invent themselves. The fifth step is making plans this occurs after the clients have trusted the crisis worker the main step of this is to try to ensure the client regains control of their life and can help provide the client with additional support. The plans put in place ought to be realistic and must ensure it gives the clients a feeling of optimism when working forward to achieve the goals set. It aims at discontinuing the pattern of oppressing clients as it will lead to poor things. The final step of this process is getting a commitment. This is where the client and their supervisor make a schedule where the client keeps tabs on what he does and occasionally meet up with the crisis worker to ensure they are going on the right path. The social work in this is clearly seen when the crisis workers are introduced to kerb a growing problem and are used to trim down the effects of the encountered task. The theoretical paradigm in regards to the crisis intervention it states that its important for the people to take care of the situations arising in order to be able to tackle the rest that follows.   It is of dire importance for the social workers to be highly skilled so as to be able to help people in crisis. They also help individuals in decreasing their emotions of helplessness and isolation and uses social resources in making the clients regain back their normal self. Such methods that are undertaken are done through acceptance, validation, reassurance, education and brokering resources. The way of crisis intervention works with the notion of having emotional and confidentiality stability with one’s client in order to give services in a top-notch way Denicolo (2012).   There are acute stress and trauma management protocols that are put in stages they include, assessing for danger in terms for safety for self and also other allies, this is for the victim and counsellor who might have been affected by the trauma. After that, they should consider the mechanism of injury in regards to physical or perceptual. When injury has been looked at the victim’s responsiveness should be gauged, this comes into place as when medical needs are needed   Crisis intervention relevance in the topic social work whereby social work is described in the beginning of this research says that it deals with helping people obtain visible services in terms of either counselling or psychotherapy with people and groups, it aims at helping them improve their social being and also their health services. For this to be carried out it requires knowledge of the human behaviour on how he she carry out the social and cultural well-being of institutions. it can also be referred to as a helping profession as its main aim is to boost a societies faults into good tidings especially in the regions where a problem is rampant. Social work practice is relevant in crisis intervention as people have considerable capacitates for handling the problematic situations faced. Stressful events do not cause crises they are actually determined by the feedback due to specific stressful circumstances. The aspect of social work in terms of crisis intervention can also be seen in the structure of Rakuten groups organisations as it starts off with the board of directors these are the people who govern and manage the company and make important decisions like appointing the CEO. They oversee the company’s growth and businesses while assessing better roads to partake. The group headquarters follows suite as that’s the main area where the company’s major operations lay it fosters the branches of the company and ensures they operate accordingly Denicolo (2012).   After that, the company division falls after that followed by the finance and accounting division where all finances or matters dealing with finance are handled here it’s a department solely majoring on that so as to majorly look for ways to improve n to monitor money usage. There’s then the technology division that does the information technology duality and tries to keep the company updated on software’s to use and to help the company keep up with demanding technology and how to fuse it into their system. The operation and marketing division deals with how the day to day activities are being run and also chips in by marketing and selling the company’s products to consumers to broaden the company’s horizon. The HR administration deals with firing and hiring of people in the organisation it helps run the company’s need for people to work gets the people and trains them on how to work with and in the organisation. This structure is made in a way that it helps the company build its brand and make it be as stable and conducive producing the top-notch products and services giving it it’s all in the various departments so as it’s an equal status on work Lincoln & Gerlach, (2010).   In regards to its culture, it has a unique corporate culture as it brings about the spirit of entrepreneurship and a sense of unity. The design of the company’s workplaces sustains and makes the diversity more appealing. The culture is followed strictly as it’s what they are used to and what helps them be better and stand out from the rest. In their culture, they have the Asakai -morning meetings where all employees attend and is held once per week where the head Mr Hiroshi Mikitani covers his views on what he wants to see being taken underplay and also updates from the various personal businesses within the Rakuten group. This Asakai is vital as the employees are able to share their thoughts and difficulties with the head management so as to see if the solution can be found. It I really vital as it is done the beginning of every week so as to kick start the week with momentum. The Asakai is held in high regards as it helps focus everyone’s mind on the things being brought up while being discussed Wischenbart, (2012). The weekly desk cleaning culture, this has been the trait since the founding of the company right up to the CEO whereby every employee is mandated to clean their desk area once a week this was started so as the employees mind would be free to think and know that they are all connected to the company in their own different aspects. This tightens the bond as the whole company at that moment showcases unity as one team which directly shows in what it gives it in service is top notched. Asakai structural design this is quite unique aspect of culture as the building is set up in a way that the podium is easily visible from every direction and the audio is made to be of high-quality to allow proper video conferencing to feel very good so as every person to feel as though they are attending a said meeting Bartol & Martin (2014).   Another angle in their culture that helps them stand out is they present what matters which keeps the people up to date with activities that are in the public eye. There is also the lively questions and answers that are usually in the morning meetings that makes it a hardbound character which is hard to break apart as it largely falls on policies set and given and is executed with sharp minds. Commending outstanding employees this helps in making the company have competitive workers in the organisation and by commending them helps to uplift their spirits that what they are doing is worthwhile and the company does appreciate their efforts Wis Chen Bart, (2012).   Workspace is a comfortable and working environment that allows proper active communication whereby space is good enough and there are no apparent distractions that can thwart one’s concentration levels, as a good working environment means a happy client and happy worker. Has a cafeteria that offers all meals free of charge to encourage positive growth and also to give the workers proper breaks during their working hours to stretch eat and be health and be okay while working there offering a subtle environment. The innovative culture leads to success this is clearly seen as the company is able to add up new techniques to make the employees be able to operate and execute smoothly their work without many problems. Technology is highly regarded as the most upcoming and blooming venture where if many things are up to date the flow of information and processing increases drastically giving it a competitive edge. The leadership of the Rakuten group is by Hiroshi Mikitani who founded the group and is the chief executive. He is a hands-on leader who carries out his duties diligently and is humble in his tidings as he avails himself in all meetings and weekly talks to his employees and allows them to ask questions and ideas to improve the company and also their working space. Through this type of leadership of being able to participate in the working of the company build a united team as the workers get encouraged by such Denicolo (2012).   Transformation leadership is where the boss works hand in hand with subordinates to note needed things to change n make a good visionary move of where to be. This brings up success in an organisation where it’s the accomplishment of a target one has put for themselves and works hand in hand to achieve the said targets put up. All these try to show how crisis intervention is tried to be reached by incorporating actions where the business growth and leadership skills help garner proper ways to deal with problems encountered when in face to face with troubles. It tries to show how social work is beneficial and how it gives options and ways to work hand in hand with the personnel who get affected by either catastrophe’s that would occur and damage clients in an organisation. CSR acts as a self-regulation which gets incorporated in a business idea.   It has an aspect called Information management which deals with running an organisations information resources so as to be able to help improve the performance of the business. It focuses on the activities that are needed to control a company’s records as the personnel are referred to as important but not critical resources. It uses information technology resources and also by virtue of overseeing information resources. Knowledge management is the process of creating, acquiring, sharing and using the information acquired in order to allow learning in organisations. It carries people as a critical component to being supervised, as it is strategized to help improve the businesses performance and also add value to an organisation through a set key of processes which involve knowledge sharing Malloch (2013).   All these aspects of management fall under the CSR as they help integrate the protocols broug ht in hand to be accustomed and placed in the working system of an organization. I agree that the CSR is really important to an organization as it benefits both the society and the organist ion as both of them end in gaining from the ongoing aspect which is advantageous. It brings about positive competition and those which have good potential of making the environment better and safer for normal workings. Some of the advantage of CSR are improves the overall outlook of an organization this acts as a plus as an organization may get a good will value just for having incorporated the responsibility point as it shows commitment of good tidings. Another point is that it increases the keeping of employees and indirectly acts as a marketing tool whereby it attracts more clients as it is seen to encompass the worth to respect the social responsibilities quota Denicolo (2012) When regulatory authorities know that an organization follows the rules that set-in place they behave very well. This in turn acts as an added advantage to an organization as it does not get roughed up and rudely interrupted to show whether it follows the said rules by this it gives the company a fast-paced reference which it optimizes and allows it to be better Contreras (2010).   As the organization grows and expand s more it branches in more diverse ways allowing the organization to explore more alternatives on the environment and try see whether more output can be handed out in an easy understandable way. The aspect of good image brings in investors who are attracted to an organization as they see it follows orders and that it adds up new tactic to be better and also help out in community duties. This factor facilitates the image uplift and also can make the government want to do investments with the organization as they also would want to be associated with organizations that are friendly and following the rules concerning the environment. The making of renewable energy from the worlds own ground in terms of the environment this acts as a big change in the organization and it impacts it itself by virtue of adhering to the protocols put in place to follow the given guidelines without fail and to honor their green code.   By virtue of having a resound mind the organization is able to explore more wid range ideas like the aspect of investing in renewable energy sources where it can largely benefit as it has carried out research on what to do and when to do it Contreras (2010).   Setbacks that are encountered in terms of when having to implement the social responsibility plan is that there happens to be movements moving on the profits margin to the set targets of the organization. By this there is the policy of the unknown which states that a company’s first calling is to make profits not having investments thus due to this it alters the outflow of money and cuts down the rates of profits Norris (2012). When a company is planning to disclose its shortcoming it momentarily suspends itself in a position where it may take a hit that may create an unplanned for catastrophe in terms of destabilizing an organization planning relations. Proper carrying out of implementation lays out advantages that foster boosted markets and capital. It transcends the act of ethics as the organization is able to walk with its head held high as it fully shows how it has matured and diversified thus helping the social responsibilities act by ensuring the environment is safe guarded and protected. In an organization are able to see the usefulness of waste materials and are encouraged to recycle them back so as they can be fully utilized with insight to others do not disintegrate thus reuse is a good fit for the organization Hopkins (2007). The relevance of human rights is seen in organizations due to the drastic growth in market structure.   It is deemed that they act as the pillars that upraise the standards of an organization growing and facilitate the transformation from a small business into a corporation, this is so as the grown organizations tend to carry the weight of being socially responsible to what occurs in order to be able to influence potential investors and consumers. An outstanding aspect of the crisis prevention is the way in which it carries itself full of dominance in angle of acting in a responsible way and also sustainability wise. These two are so as it encourages the reduction in workload with the local authorities and also pinpoints new opportunities presenting themselves in front of the budding plan. Companies are encouraged to incorporate the CSR into their systems as it has more of profits than limitations thereby giving a company a competitive edge over its competitor’s due to having a good ear in following up in the intervention series learning in an organization. The benefits of social work are majorly not in terms of financially or material wise. its satisfaction is trying to get the world working much better as they are driven by the notion of having a great desire to help people. Crisis intervention aims at offering a helpful hand to the people who are given care due to having abnormal amounts of stress which render a person unfit even to work, it tries to stop the downward spiral that a worker may be experiencing and at least return them to their pre-crisis functioning. It occurs in societal levels and personal thus it’s a big problem that is seen around but proper ways of dealing with it are not avidly followed up Wainrib (2008). On the benefits both the client and the worker receive an ongoing feedback as they continue succeeding in the pursuit of resuming stability. In some scenarios plans can be changed in advance depending on the outcomes that occur. Also in other perspectives, timely corrective feedback helps in catching and rectifying harmful unintended effects at a very early point, in situations where there needs to be done a careful review the practice is sort of given a guesswork type of frame on it. The practice deals with helping people obtain visible services in terms of either counselling and psychotherapy with people and groups, it aims at helping them improve their social being and also their health services. Offredy & Vickers,   (2013).  Developing a Healthcare Research Proposal: an Interactive Student Guide. Hoboken, Wiley.   Denscombe,   (2012).  Research proposals: a practical guide. Maidenhead, Open University Press. Punch,   (2016).  Developing Effective Research Proposals. London, SAGE Publications.   Denicolo & Becker,   (2012).  Developing research proposals.   Ogden   & Goldberg, (2012).  Research proposals: a guide to success. San Diego, Calif, Academic Press. France, (2014).  Crisis intervention: a handbook of immediate person-to-person help Aguilera, (2008).  Crisis intervention: theory and methodology. St. Louis, Missouri, Mosby. Jacobson, (2011).  Crisis intervention in the 1980s. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass. Wainrib & Bloch, (2008).  Crisis intervention and trauma response: theory and practice. New York, Springer. Brayne & Carr, (2012).  Law for social workers. Oxford, Oxford University Press. Thyer, (2010).  Cultural diversity and social work practice. Springfield, Charles C Thomas Publisher.

Adult and Community Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Adult and Community Education - Essay Example Adult and Community Education helps in reduction of the obstacles which are faced by several people while aiming to access education and training so as to achieve occupational talents and qualifications. Other people may find Adult and Community Education courses to be rewarding because of the fact that they can achieve more personal or communal aims. Adult and Community Education proves to be a fine alterative for grown-ups who aim for informal type of learning. Sargant presented a study of UK provision according to which one of six persons try to gain knowledge informally; that may be at home, at vocation, or anywhere else (1991: 15).The literature and the practice of Adult and Community Education also include target groups. This is particularly the case in Australia (Sheared & Sissel, 2001). These target groups are conventionally seen as minorities, or those persons who have been disenfranchised due to past circumstances of domination and segregation. The idea of target groups hap pens to be a main principle of Australian educational policy and lies on the supposition of a steady core. The Australian Adult and Community Education (ACE) policy recognizes certain classes of adults who are not properly represented in employment and training. They require additional sufficient and approachable stipulation so as to assist them in fulfilling their needs. The categories are (Adult, Community and Further Education, 2004): Koories; Men aged over 45; People with a disability; People from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds; Young people aged15 and over; and People aged over 55 These groups of people specifically require Adult and Community Education so as to help them on with surviving properly. Adult and Community Education results in plenty of advantages for the learners and they have major impact on their development. For example, Adult and Community Education can lead to social and economic welfare of people as well as the communities, it can produce social output and lifelong learning can be promoted through Adult and Community Education (Centre for Research and Learning in Regional Australia, n.d.). Therefore, it is important that equity groups also get an equal chance in participating in Adult and Community Education so as to improve themselves. For this reason there are boards and groups that enable this. One such is the Adult, Community and Further Education Board (ACFE) which encourages education and training for a variety of people, along with specially focussing on those who are included in the equity groups, that is, those who do not have full access to education. Around 450 community-owned and directed organisations are entitled to pass over adult and community education with ACFE Board funding. The government assists in Adult and Community Education provision. Since quite a few years the government has engaged itself a lot in Adult and Community Education, and it did this by providing the organisations with enough funds so as to allow them to educate the people. This has been very important and has enabled to broaden the position of Adult and Communi

MGT CHECKPOINT WK6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGT CHECKPOINT WK6 - Essay Example First, I will call for an impromptu meeting with the union officials and discuss the matter at hand. In this meeting, I will convince them that the management have them in mind and that the issues at hand can be resolved without the need for the planned action. Secondly, armed with employee’s issues at hand, I will plan a meeting with upper management. In this meeting, I will remind the upper management of the employee’s rights and those rights that the company may be violating that is making the employees unhappy. In Addition, I will discuss other matters like employees promises not met, their working conditions, and any other issues raised by employees. It will be good to remind the upper management of the good work that the team is doing and without it, the company cannot achieve what it has. The management will give a stipulated time after which we will have a meeting with the union official to give

Victim Assistance Office and Organizational Structure Assignment

Victim Assistance Office and Organizational Structure - Assignment Example In addition, the services to be offered in the office will be discussed. Other aspects to be analyzed include associate agencies necessary for the success of the office, outreach programs, and how to seek and receive funds. The office will have three posts including Prosecuting Attorney, Chief Assistant, Counselor and an Office Administrator. The Prosecuting Attorney must have a law degree from the internationally accredited university. The Prosecuting Attorney will be the overall manager of the office and will thus be in charge of the affairs of the victims. Secondly, the Chief Assistant, who is subordinate to the Prosecuting Attorney, must also have a law degree from the internationally accredited university. The Prosecuting Attorney will work in collaboration with the Chief Assistant in meeting the objectives of the office. Finally, the office administrator will be in charge of administrative duties at the office such as handling of victim records and correspondence. Counseling services will be provided by the Counselor. Associate agencies will include police departments. The police will help the office in ensuring that suspects are arrested. In addition, the police, especially the FBI, will help victims to carry out investigations. Community organizations will also help the office in ensuring that crime victims are assisted in coming up with the challenges that affect them. The victim assistance office main aim will be to provide direct assistance to individuals who have been affected by criminal activities. The counselor will ensure that the traumatized, as well as, confused victims are assisted. After counseling, the prosecuting attorney will be required to provide referrals to effective agencies that will help the victim in understanding the justice system. In the current society, there is still lack of knowledge on what should happen after crimes have been committed (Doyle, 2008). The victim assistance office will help  in creating and disseminating understandable information to crime victims.  

How can English Government Gain Trust Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How can English Government Gain Trust - Article Example According to the report  in the view of many scholars it is the prime duty of the government to gain an adequate level of public trust because governmental bodies are fundamentally supposed to guard the interest of people. If the general public has not been able to trust government officials anymore then it simply means that government has failed in terms of representing interests of the public. However it is also important to note that ordinary people cannot decipher the level of government’s ability to fulfill public interest and therefore the duty of evaluating governmental machinery’s tendency to serve the public lies with political analysts, writers and other intellectual persons such as religious scholars.  This paper outlines that  the prevailing law and order situation in the society is considered as an effective measure of government’s power to protect public interests. Moreover the financial well-being of each and every citizen can also be taken a s a mean of determining governmental effectiveness. Additionally citizens trust those governments that provide them with state of the art medical services at an affordable price.  The governmental bodies can do that by bettering the overall law and order situation of the society and it is also expected to sponsor sporting musical and cultural events in a particular society.  The e-mechanism causes the problems of people to resolve quickly that fosters trust and respect for the government.... Additionally citizens trust those governments that provide them with state of the art medical services at an affordable price. Based on the above argument government can win public trust by offering an ample amount of job and business opportunities while it has to provide healthcare and safety services as well. According to Offe the governments should work towards providing the citizens with a fulfilling life (42). The governmental bodies can do that by bettering the overall law and order si tuation of the society and it is also expected to sponsor sporting musical and cultural events in a particular society. Levi added that the role of government in terms of releasing the citizens from a job and work stress is a significant indicator of growing social activities in the community (6). Silcock identified electronic form of government as an ideal way of providing public services because in this way the governmental issues are run with the help of computerized and automated system. The e-mechanism causes the problems of people to resolve quickly that fosters trust and respect for the government (88). According to Wang and Wart the governments that involve citizens in the decision making process will reap more trust than those that follow an authoritative style of governance (268). Thus the decentralized chain of command can really help the government in fostering trust within people. Nevertheless it is interesting to know that those governments that follow the raw public o pinion in order to devise policies tend to fail because the mere public viewpoint is a crude way of policy development. The governments are suggested to invite the opinion of experts before making critical decisions.  

STRATEGIC REVIEW CASE ASSIGNMENT 1 THE EXCELLENT CONSULTING GROUP Essay

STRATEGIC REVIEW CASE ASSIGNMENT 1 THE EXCELLENT CONSULTING GROUP - Essay Example A thorough analysis of the external elements of the business as well as the current strategies has also been made, based on which a strong set of recommendations have been set down for the company. The next section will deal with the current situation of the company. Here we discuss the mission and vision of the company followed by the strategies that the company currently adopts. The company’s main objective is to grow to become the leaders in mobile computing. The company’s mission statement is â€Å"Our objective is to be the leader in mobile computing† (Palms Annual Report). The company’s vision statement has been noted to include a number of different areas, like, â€Å"a) Develop market-defining products that deliver a great user experience, b) Provide a choice of industry standard platforms, c) Differentiate our products through software and applications, d) Expand global presence and e) Build a brand synonymous with delightful mobile computing† (Palms Annual Report). It is evident that the company is focusing on becoming the world leaders and has taken all possible steps to ensure that they read their mission. As explained earlier, the company’s goal and objective is to become the world leaders in mobile computing. The company focuses on the providing the industry with a wide range of industry standard platforms (Palm Inc.). The company also focuses on ensuring that products and services provide a great customer experience and allow the customers gain the best of the industry. Based on the goals and objectives of the company, Palm Inc has been able to effectively develop a brand image, which has been consistent with one which provides high quality and excellent customer experience. The company has also been able to use the highest and best level of software and applications. The company’s main strength is the differentiation that the company has been able to achieve in the markets and the high choice of standard platforms that the

LAND LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

LAND LAW - Essay Example The Law Commission in its Report No. 271 which gave way to the 2002 Act stated that the aim of the 2002 Act was to create a conveyancing climate in which: â€Å"...the register should be a complete and accurate reflection of the state of the title of the land at any given time, so that it is possible to investigate title to land on-line, with the absolute minimum of additional enquiries and inspections.†3 Section 70(1) of the Land Registration Act 1925 contained what can be described as a comprehensive list of property rights that could possible bind a bona fide purchaser. The greatest difficulty for a potential purchaser under the Land Registration Act 1925 was that although an overriding interest was not registered, it could bind the purchaser if the interest could be discovered by a reasonable investigation of title and inspection of the property. The list of these overriding interests under the Land Registration Act 1925 can be summarised as follows: 3- The rights of persons in actual occupation of the land in question or the rights of persons entitled to the receipt of profits and/or rents in respect of the land except where reasonable inquiries are made and the right of these persons are not discovered. 4- ‘Leases granted for a term not exceeding 21 years.’4 The Land Registration Act 2002 narrowed the list of these overriding interest as contained under Section 70(1)(g) of the Land Registration Act 1924 and goes on to function in such a way as to encourage the voluntary registration of these rights.. The revised list of overriding interests under the Land Registration Act contains a proviso that the rights are overriding upon first registration and by doing so expanded the list of those interest that are capable of registration. The new list of overriding interest include leases that terminate at the expiration of a seven

Systems of administration in criminal justice organizations Essay

Systems of administration in criminal justice organizations - Essay Example Applying these theories to the modern Criminal Justice administration any organisation whether based on Criminal Justice or any other Department requires the use of Open and Closed systems for its effective functions. The organisation of Criminal Justice is in a constant state of flux due to changes in the outside environment, societal attitudes, mandates, legal decisions and other uncontrollable variables.In this regard if we look at the Police Systems and other Law enforcement Organisations there is large influence of extraneous factors. There was   an era   with in the police history of Political appointments with in the traditional Police systems(pre 1900) when the city politicians wanted political control over the Police Stations .In this sense Police Stations were historically open systems in an administrative sense because they were openly controlled by politicians. This system was criticised because this so called â€Å"political era† of policing was a time of high level corruption and bribery and undue influence of the extraneous factors .A rather reformed period of administration began at the turn of thee 20th century when there was an organizational attempt by these departments at professionalising and organising the police departments and to isolate themselves from political influence and corruption. By necessity such a step required a closed system which would isolate them organizationally from the public. The organizational and administrational set ups of the Police departments adopted a more bureaucratic colour. and their structure became very rigid and organised. There was less Individual discretion and separate rules and regulations for the institutional reform and management. This closed system required a certain "detachment" from the community which was not necessarily very ideal but indispensable to the pending reform. Things changed however after this reform era of the 1940's and the 1950's ,due to civil unrest so characteristic of the 1960's.A more open system where the public would be taken in trust and confidence was seen as a means promoting better crime management. The 1970's therefore saw a more open system i.e. a form of community policing.(Falcon, 2002) It can be seen therefore that the American criminal justice has experienced a transformation of organizational approach that transformed it from a closed set up and made it significantly more community interactive. Community interactivity has become a critical component in the ongoing struggle to balance the extremely uneven presence of perpetrators to law enforcement officers. The advantage of a closed-system approach was seen as the most appropriate way to protect society against criminal infiltrators by keeping information and management hidden from the public eye.However law enforcement officials realised that there was a kind of a "beneficial impact" by involving the community members by means of the open-system approach .The arrangement was practical and economically sound. The closed system ideology is still predominant across many parts of the US and also figures prominently in the mechanisms of the FBI and DEA today.(Hodgson 2001

Islamic Women Essay Example for Free

Islamic Women Essay At the beginning of the 21st century, many Islamic women are deprived equal rights with men suffered from oppression and family violence. The example of Saudi Arabia, India and Indonesia show that violence and abuse are still the major problems faced by Islamic women. The main problem is that law in Islamic communities does not come into force being violated. In many communities women are not legally protected and have no possibility to protect themselves: sexual, physical and emotional violence are the major weapon of intimidation of women. In some communities, family violence is a result of traditions and values as an integral part of cultural development. In contrast to India and Indonesia, in Saudi Arabia women have no rights and freedom of choice. The main problem is that in Saudi Arabia rights of women are constitutionally granted by most of them do not come into force and violated. â€Å"Like millions of other Saudi women, Munif hoped she would be allowed to vote since nothing in the law excludes it. But after a year of debate, the government told women to wait† (Women Speak Out In Saudi Arabia, 2005). Today, the main rights of women in India and Indonesia concern birth control, civil rights, education and work. Today, individual freedom of American women means much more than the absence of physical coercion but an equal social status. Still, similar to Saudi Arabia women, many women in India and Indonesia suffer from domestic violence and sexual abuse. Indonesian women are the most unprotected category which experiences violence within the institution of marriage. Among this group of women sexual abuse and physical violence are the main forms of humiliation and oppression. Similar to Saudi Arabia, in Indonesia women have constitutional rights, but face discriminated. Similar to India, Indonesians have job opportunities and high social status than women in Saudi Arabia. â€Å"Compared to the lives of their mothers, sisters and even brothers who stayed in the village these factory women have gained a strong advantage in terms of wages and conditions† (Indonesia, n. d). In Saudi Arabia women are not legally protected and have no possibility to protect themselves. Women have no equal opportunities with men in pay and work conditions. Most of them take low administrative positions or considered as common labor. In Saudi Arabia, religion dogmas and values play the dominant role determining the destiny of a woman and her social position. In contrast to Indonesia and India, in Islamic countries women deprived the right to use contraception and safe abortions. The main problem caused absence of freedom and rights is that abuse is the part of the culture. In India, â€Å"among Hindus, polygamy too was rampant† (Bhandare 2004). In contrast to Islamic countries, India accepts liberal laws and regulations which give women more rights and freedoms. The main preventive measures against family violence include social programs organized by women’s organizations, legislative initiatives accepted in the national level, petitions, publicity. In Saudi Arabia, women are still lived under double oppression, cultural and legal. Similar to Indonesian women, Indian women have a right to divorce, but in reality it takes a long time and a long legal battle while men can divorce at will in a short period of time. Also, there is a great threat for a woman not to receive children because she does not have a possibility to earn for living. Women in India and Indonesia are deprived of many rights and freedom, but they are free to choose their work, receive education and divorce. In contrast to these groups, Saudi Arabia women are deprived these rights living under state and family oppression. â€Å"For instance, events like a soccer match are strictly for men. In public, there are separate sections where they eat, where they work, and where they pray† (Women Speak Out, 2005). In sum, Women in India and Indonesia are free to choose profession and work conditions, broad employment opportunities and equitable wages; they have equal rights with men to be promoted and appraised. The examples of women in Saudi Arabia show that specific gender roles determine the way of living and cultural norms of several generations of people and strong enough to be changed in a short period of time. Works Cited Page 1. Bhandare, M. C. Women’s rights and wrongs. 2004. Available at: http://www. expressindia. com/fullstory. php? newsid=34277 2. Indonesia. N. d. Available at: http://www. onlinewomeninpolitics. org/indon/indodoc. htm 3. Women Speak Out In Saudi Arabia. Available at: http://www. cbsnews. com/stories/2005/03/23/60minutes/main682565. shtml.

Inform Speech Outline Essay Example for Free

Inform Speech Outline Essay General purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the benefits of mangosteen Central Idea: Mangosteen is a tropical evergreen tree that bears fragrant fruit with a sweet, creamy, citrus-like flavor that has many benefits in our life such as for medical purpose, for health purpose and also for beauty purpose. Introduction: See more: 5 paragraph essay format I. Mangosteen is one of the most popular tropical fruits, which is mainly in humid, hot climates. II. Mangosteen is a small evergreen tree, found in the Pacific Islands, Africa and Southeast Asia such as Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Vietnam. III. Mangosteen is recognized by other names such as Garcinia Mangostana L, Manggis, Mangosteen or Mangis. IV. Today I would like to inform you about the benefits of mangosteen in our life such as for medical purpose, for health purpose, and also for beauty purpose. (Transition: Now, I have finished with the introduction of mangosteen. Let’s start with the first benefit of mangosteen.) I. The first benefits of mangosteen is for medical purpose. A. Mangosteen fruits are fighting cancer and heart disease. 1. According to the American cancer society, in lab studies mangosteen has slowed down the growth of certain cancer cells. 2. Mangosteen is a strong source of antioxidants and anti-accidents have shown to protect against cancer and heart disease. 3. Lab tests have shown that mangosteen fruit can kill same bacteria and fungi. B. Mangosteen can use for nutritions food. 1. This fruit is very low in calories and contains no saturated fats or cholesterol. 2. Mangosteen also has vitamin c for helps the body develop resistance against flu. C. Mangosteen also can use for medicinal value. 1. The leaf of mangosteen can use for infusion to cure wounds. 2. The rind of mangosteen also can used cure for diarrhea and dysentery, intestinal catarrh and skin infections. (Transition: okay, l has finished about the first benefits of mangosteen. Let’s go to the second benefit of mangosteen.) II. The second benefit of mangosteen is for health purpose. D. It is wise to drink mangosteen juice to get its health benefits. 1. Our body can adsorb mangosteen in a juice from quicker rather than consuming fresh or dried. E. Drinking mangosteen juice regularly also important for our life. 1. Mangosteen juice is made by pulping the whole fruit, which strains it and then pasteurizes the juice because most of the health benefit are available in its hull or rind. 2. In fact, preliminary research has indicated that mangosteen juice can help some ailments, such as fatigue, depression, pain, anxiety and other problem. (Transition: Now I have finished about the second benefits of mangosteen. Let’s go to the last benefit of mangosteen.) III. The last benefit of mangosteen is for beauty purpose. F. The function of an antioxidant in mangosteen. 1. Antioxidants is to fight against the free radicals that cause cellular damage and that have been implicated in the development of heart disease and cancer. G. Antioxidants can use to repair damage to our own cells. 3. Antioxidants are one of the most important substances in foods for our lives 4. Antioxidants are nature’s anti-aging medicine that can help prevent cancer, heart disease and countless other illnesses. (Transition: Okey, I have finished about of the all benefits of mangosteen. Let’s go to the conclusion for today.) Conclusion I. As we have seen, mangosteen has many benefits for the our live. II. Therefore, there have many benefits and function that can use for protecting many diseases in our live. III. Lastly, I hope of the all audiences can understand now what the benefit of mangosteen and like to eat mangosteen in our live. References Mangostana, G. (2006). Practical Manual No. 9: Mangosteen. Southampton: Southampton Centre for Underutillised Crops. Tannis, A. (2009). Feed Tour Skin Starve Your Wrinkles: Eat Your Way to Firmer, More Beautiful Skin with the 100 Best Anti-Aging Foods. Beverly: Quayside Publishing Group. Lucas, S. E. (2009). The Art of Public Speaking: Tenth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Introduction To Strategic Management Business Essay

Introduction To Strategic Management Business Essay Alfred D. Chandler, an American business historian, defined strategy as follows: Strategy is the determination of the basic long-term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary for carrying out those goals. Here A. Chandler believes that strategy consists of equal importance to defining objectives and goals as it is to providing the measures for attaining them. Strategic management is a consistent level of managerial activity of setting up goals and tactics and ensures a variety of decisions by the top management to successfully achieve those aims or goals in the long term and at the same time providing for adaptive responses in the short term. This provides an overall direction to an organization. The strategic management process consists of three components: Strategic analysis, strategic choices and strategic implementation. These components are vital in a firm as it appraises the business and industries in which the firm is a part of. It also brings about a healthy competition and helps in defining of attainable goals in present and future and also reevaluates each strategy. The Components Of Strategic Management Process, in its plainest sense, is fixing tactical decisions, evaluatin g the strength and recognizing the critical external factors, which may play a part in influencing the position of the firm and also defining the factors that bring about the implementation of a firm through these components. Different from the classic business planning, Strategic management focus involves Mission, Vision and Out-of-the -box thinking. Top management uses strategic management to describe where and when they would want to position their firm in the industry. Strategic planning helps assess the firms opportunities and threats, exposes its strengths and weaknesses as well as encourages the firm to adapt. A SWOT analysis, strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats, is an excellent way to help develop a strategic plan. Like used by many Fortune 500 companies, these four components pose as the building blocks of a strategic plan for a firms existence. Similarly, PEST analysis (Political, Environmental, Social and Demographic and Technological factors) is a examination of the external marco-enviormental in which in firm exist. It helps to examine the effect of these influences on the firm as opportunity and threat in the SWOT analysis. It is also used for assessing the market rise and fall, and as such the position, potential and direction of the firm. The BCG (Boston Consulting Group) Matrix is a four-celled matrix; it is the most renowned strategic planning tool. It provides a graphical representation for the firm to examine diverse companies in its portfolio. It provides the management with a comparative analysis of firms potential and the evaluation of environment, which it operates in. Organization Structure Organization is a term that can be studied as a process as well as a structure. In a fixed sense, organization is a structure, where a team of people functions and tries to accomplish a certain objective. In the words of Kast and Rosenzweig, structure is the established pattern of relationships among the component parts of the organization. In this sense, the network of relationships among individuals and positions in the firm are refers to as an organizational structure. Organizational structure defines how responsibility, roles and power are coordinated, controlled, how information moves between the different stages of management and how they are assigned. When the most of the decision making power and control over departments and division lie with the top level management it is know as Centralized structure. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed over the departments and allowing them to enjoy certain degrees of freedom. There are four major components that affect organizational structures, they are, Environment, Strategy, Technology and Human Resource. Environment being are very volatile factor itself, managers will face more problems depending on how fast it changes. Thus, structures need to be more flexible in order to face these changes; this would also suggest the need to decentralize authority. Various strategies would need to utilize different structures. Such as a differentiation strategy would require a flex ible structure and low cost would need a more formal one. Organization structures are also determined by what type of technology is being used. For instance, a company that has an automated operational system would opt for a decentralized structure because the progress of employees would be monitored and the immediate supervisor would be able to provide guidance and when needed. One of the most commonly found structures found within firms is the functional structure, it consist of small units or departments which are grouped or identified by specialty, like finance, IT, logistics, sales, human resource, and so on. This distinguishes the departments by product produce by each unit or geographical region; this enables managers to maintain more control over each group. This structure is based on high specialization and high control and efficiency concept. In terms of effectiveness, the functional structure is most effective in small to medium size firms that only deal with a few produc t and services. A matrix structure is an organizational reporting structure frequently used for project-based teams. This structure uses both departments as well as products as determinates to group teams together; this allows ideas to flow between various parts of the organization. This is a complex structure of reporting relationships and has proven to be very flexible and can respond rapidly to change. It is effective for a large organization with a large number of products and services. Strategic Mapping A strategic group is a concept used in strategic management where companies that are a part of the same industry and provide similar business models and/or similar strategies are grouped together. For instance, the fast food industry can be divided into different fast food joints in terms of pizza or burgers, which can be based on different variables like time, price, presentation, etc. The number and the composition of the groups within the industry depend on the dimensions used to define them. Strategic management experts mainly use two-dimensional grid in order to justify their direct competitors, those with similar strategic models, and their indirect rivals. M. Hunt (1972) devised the term Strategic Group whist analyzing the appliance industry after discovering the high level of competitive rivalry. He the then subscribed this to the subgroups existing the industry. This then caused the industry to undergo rapid innovation, price reduction, increase in quality and lower profitab ility than normal economic models would deliver. M. Porter (1980) developed the concept and explained strategic groups in terms of Mobility Barriers. Value Chain Analysis This analysis focuses on every level of the business that it goes through from raw materials to the final user. The goal is to maximize value at the least possible cost. For one to better understand the activities from which an organization creates shareholder value and competitive advantage, it has been proven useful to simplify the business system into series of value-generated activities, also known as value chain. Michael Porter, in his book Competitive advantage (1985), introduced a value chain model that consists of arrange of activities that was found to be common to a wide range of firms. M. Porter identified these activities and classified them into primary and support activities. The primary activities include Service, Marketing Sales, Operations, Inbound and Outbound Logistics. Theses activities are supported by four components Infrastructure of the firm, Human Resource Management, Procurement and Technology Development. The main goal of the value chain analysis is these activities need to provide a higher level of customer satisfaction that exceeds the cost of them, thus creating profit margin. In other words, the firms margin depends on how effective the firm is on performing these activities efficiently, so that the level of customer satisfaction is sufficient enough for them to pay for the products that exceed the cost of the activity itself. By reconfiguring the value chain a firm may be able to achieve a competitive advantage by providing better differentiation or through lower costs. Value chain activities are not inaccessible from one another but rather one activity often affects the cost or the performance of the other. There may exist linkage between primary activities or between primary and support activities. The value chain analysis is a flexible tool for a firm; its competitors and the industry. It can be used to create or study the competitive advantage on both cost and differentiation. Cost advantage is done through a better understanding and squeezing out the cost from value adding activities and differentiation is achieved by focusing over those activities with core capabilities in order to out pre form the competitors. It provides a deeper understanding of the firms strengthens and weaknesses. The main advantage of value chain is that it is adaptable to any type of business, big or small. However, M. Porters book Competitive Advantage, the value chain is largely focused on manufacturing industry, thus puts off other types of business. Due to the complexity of the value chain analysis and the scope and scale of the value chain has proven to be intimidating, it is time consuming. To understand the firm competitors one must identify and examine the key differences and strategy drivers, hence, needing substantial information. The business information system is not always structured to draw out information easily for a value chain analysis.

Race in Othello and Titus Andronicus Essay -- comparison compare contr

Race in Othello and Titus Andronicus      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Within both Titus Andronicus and Othello both by William Shakespeare the reader is introduced to the concept of a black man within a white society. Stigmas and stereotypes are attached to the black characters of Aaron and Othello. Although each black character has a similar stigma, the characters are very different from one another. Aaron is portrayed as evil, conniving and malevolent, while Othello has none of these traits. Othello's fault lies in the fact that he is very gullible and easily led. Aaron within Titus Andronicus is a character that is both bound and not bound to his colour. Though his actions can be "blamed" on his colour, there are two paths to follow in this thinking. First Aaron's actions within the play can be blamed on the fact that he is black and as he is black, he is naturally a bad person as black people are stereotypically people prone to causing trouble and have black souls which match their outward appearance. This answer would have been acceptable within Shakespeare's times, however it seems that it doesn't fit with Othello as the villain in that play is a white man, who's soul is nothing but pure evil. If one were going by the terms of colour dictates your soul, that would have made Iago a good man, and he definitely wasn't a good man. The other way in which one could take Aaron's misbehavior, which seems to be the more logical one is that his actions though are a result of his skin tone are not an inbred condition. His actions, deeds and thoughts are not dictated through his skin colour, but because of the ostracism and the hate he has felt through his life due to his skin colour he now has built up a resistance to the hate. By throwing hate ba... ...what similar. Though both characters have similar stigmas attached to them they are very different from one another. The reaction to Aaron can be justified as he actually is an evil person and causes nothing but trouble. In the case of Othello, the reactions of the other characters are simply a projection of the stereotypes associated with the black man. Works Cited McLauchlan, Juliet. Shakespeare - Othello. London: Camelot Press Ltd. 1971 Wain, John. Shakespeare's Othello - A Casebook. London: MacMillan Press. 1994 Shakespeare, William. "The Tragedy of Othello the Moor of Venice" The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stanley Wells & |Gary Taylor. New York/London, W.W. Norton Company,1997. 2100-2174 Shakespeare, William. "Titus Andronicus"   The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stanley Wells & |Gary Taylor. New York/London, W.W. Norton Company,1997. 371-434   

cause of world war Essay -- essays research papers

Cause of World War I Unlike World War II, the causes of World War I are not as clear cut. Historians say the war had been building up for some time prior to 1914. The "Great War" was not caused by megalomaniacs hungry for power as in the case of Mussolini and Hitler during World War II. The origins are more complex. First one is the alliance Systems The causes can be explained, more in political terms than human terms. From the end of the Franco-Prussian War, a system of secret alliances developed in Europe. This eventually split the continent into two hostile sides. Because so many different powers were involved in mutual defense agreements, when the war did happen, it involved nearly every country of Europe. Due to the alliances, some powers were forced to support policies followed by their partners, which they didn't really condone. Lastly, the secret alliances led to suspicion and the belief that far more secret agreements existed, then was in fact, the case. Secondly competition The competition for colonies was another source of international antagonism. The great powers sectioned off Africa among them, established spheres of influence in China and sought protectorates elsewhere. Sooner or later this rush to appropriate new territories was bound to spark disagreements over boundaries of control. Thirdly, militarism All the countries within the hostile camps were building large armies and navies during the pre-war ...

Nathaniel Mackeys Bedouin Hornbook Essay -- Nathaniel Mackey Bedouin

Nathaniel Mackey's Bedouin Hornbook A Bedouin is a nomad and a nomad a wanderer. Nathaniel Mackey seems to wander far and away in his Bedouin Hornbook, a series of fictional letters addressed to an â€Å"Angel of Dust† and signed by the ambiguous â€Å"N.† N. interprets passages of improvisation, analyzing others’ musical expression in surprising detail to the point that his unquestioning sincerity and self-assurance are almost laughable. That N. can glean meaning from music in such a direct and certain manner is problematic because his tone implies that there is only one correct interpretation of music. In addressing the issue of how music conveys meaning, Mackey seems to wander in two disparate directions. After asserting each seemingly contradictory view, first that music and speech are simply ends in themselves and second that they are means to a separate end, Mackey reconciles the question through his motivic discussion of absence and essence. In the first passage, Mackey draws out the nuances of this problem by directing two characters to argue over the meaning of a particular musical piece. He focuses on the style rather than the content of the dispute, suggesting that its value lies in the graceful unfolding of the argument itself. In the subsequent passage, N.’s lecture on â€Å"The Creaking of the Word† uses metaphor in such a way as to highlight the explosive possibility of words and music to transmit meaning. During the first episode, Mackey uses the same style of writing when N. repeats another character’s speech as when he reiterates another’s musical ideas, which confuses the boundary between music and speech. N. uses the same tone when retelling the verbal dispute between Lambert and Aunt Nancy as when interpreting La... ... Bottle’s] lecture/demonstration, as far as Djamilaa was concerned, would take the form of a serenade† (206). Here the forms of music and speech converge as one, signaling a convergence of their parallel roles throughout the novel. That the speech is an â€Å"after-the-fact† version, or a re-interpretation, is evidence of Mackey’s commitment to artistic evolution. The book ends in relative confusion: a phone rings repeatedly with no answer and Djamilaa wistfully dreams of a potentially shared blocked opera (208). Despite lacking a concrete conclusion, by raising and resolving numerous contradictions, the novel offers a complex and layered understanding of how meaning is conveyed through and in art. Mackey shows through words that music may be both a means and an end. Ultimately, Bedouin Hornbook pays homage to the wandering man and his wandering sport, improvisation.

Mountain Dew Case Study Essay

Mountain Dew Mountain Dew’s unique way of connecting to the younger generation through extreme sports has become a grand success, consequently many companies are coming up with similar advertisement base Recent threats to Carbonated Soft Drinks in recent years by highly caffeinated and sports drinks have affected their sales. The company advertisement has focus on the young generation and thus quickly rose as Coke’s loyal opposition. They have advertisements harnessing ideas of current generation as well as advertisement promoted by celebrities. All of this pushed their sales up. The Dew Campaign effectiveness: The Do the Dew Campaign has always been about excitement and energy and was successful since the beginning, 1992. The main focus has always been on the cultural trends closely bounded with the youth. There were 3 main trends Rap Music, Extreme Sports, and Gen X culture. Taste in Music was matched to that of the young generation. In early 90s it was it related to rap songs then came the generation of alternate rock songs and later the techno music. Similarly in sports and GenX Ethos, It also became one of the founding leader sponsors of X Games. In the process it mainly target audience was 18 year old males while at the same time it created an appeal to age group 20 to 39. However the impact gradually lowered as other companies started to pick up the trend. The company required a fresh move and they saw an opportunity in recent rising trend that was retro. The committee picked up this trend for recent ad scope. Consequently, they shortlisted many differ ent concepts to five different advertisements after thorough review. Brief perception on them is provided. The Labour of Love Ad – humorous is there but does not create an impression of the brand as an adrenaline rush factor. So not the best strategy unless Dew considers repositioning. The Dew or Die Ad and the Cheetah Ad – The focus is same as before on exhilarating choice and fun and daring. The idea is repetitive in nature hence not as effective. Mock Opera Ad – The cultural trend is Gen X attitudes while at the same time portraying the brand as exhilarating and exciting. This takes care of the predictability aspect of the ads with the Dew Dudes performing the Bohemian Rhapsody. Showstoppers – Similar to that of Mock Opera ad holds on to the image of the brand as daring and exciting while at the same time is less predictable. Response to threat of functional and alternative drinks: In response to non-CSDs, an advertisement campaign must be selected which appeals to the irreverent, daring and fun loving side of the young generation. The citrus flavour in Mountain Dew is its uniqueness. The advertisements can focus on Diet Mountain Dew to appeal to the calorie conscious consumer as the amount of calorie is low. Increase in advertisement is essential. By correlating the cost of the advertising campaign with the sales we observed that there is a high correlation which is around .95. SO the advertisement selection has to meet the current trend as well as the mind-set of young generation as discussed.

Questions and Answers on Copenhagen Climate

In pasture to lecture about the problems which agree been discussed and the solutions which oblige been be during the 2009 Copenhagen climate assortment point, first we have to present a few aspects regarding the Kyoto communications protocol.The Kyoto protocol is a protocol to the United Nations good example Convention on Climate deviate (UNFCCC or FCCC), aimed at fighting spheric warming. The FCCC is an foundationwide environmental treaty with the object of achieving stabilization of glasshouse gas dousing in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.The protocol was initially adopted on 11 celestial latitude 1997 in Kyoto, Japan and entered into force on 16 February 2005. As of July 2010, 191 subjects have gestural and ratified the protocol. Under the protocol, 37 countries apply themselves to a reduction of four greenhouse gases and two groups of gases produced by them, and all member countries kick downstairs general commitments. It is as well as all- primary(prenominal)(prenominal) to mention the fact that the protocol allows several(prenominal) flexible mechanisms, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as liberations trading, the bare reading mechanism and joint instruction execution to allow countries to meet their gas emissions learnations.Therefore, what is the Copenhagen climate mixed bag summit and what is its connection to the Kyoto protocol?This is a United Nations climate change conference which took place between 7 and 18 December 2009 in order for the environment ministers and officials to draft a surrogate to the Kyoto protocol. The meeting, also known as COP15, was the fifteenth Conference of the Parties (COP) in a ache series of meetings that trace their origins to the 1992 Earth steer in Rio, which aimed at coordinating international action against climate change.Who participated at the summit and who were the main players?At the summit participated of ficials, heads of state and governments, advisers, diplomats, campaigners and journalists from the 192 countries that have signed the climate change convention. In what concerns the main players, the developing countries such as India and China, emphasized the fact that it should be the responsibility of wealthy industrialized nations such as UK and US to give a clear example of cutting the greenhouse gases emissions.Which were the main points?The main issue was that of burden-sharing. much precisely, the scientists stated that, by 2050, the world essential cut its emissions by 80% compared with 1990 levels to limit global warming to a 2 degrees C average rise. More than that, the world must stop the growth of greenhouse gas emissions and start making them devolve around the year 2015 to 2020.Another important issue was money. The developed countries must be aware of the fact that they have to give hundreds of billions of dollars to poorer nations, in order to help them arrive a t these standards. But the issue gains in solemnity if we take into consideration the recent frugal crisis.Which were the results of this meeting?1. The participants conceded the great cont barricade of climate change, the need for an urgent plan to fight this problem and the need to present a comprehensive adaptation computer programme including international support for the developing countries. They also recognized officially the scientific enamor that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees C in order to prevent a inhering disaster worldwide.2. They agree to the fact that difficult cuts in global emissions are suddenly necessarily. However, these cuts should be made taken winning into consideration the possibilities of each and every country. We have to understand the fact that, for poorer countries, problems such as poverty eradication and economic development are far more important.3. They recognize the fact that the developed countries shall p rovide adequate, inevitable and sustainable financial resources, technology and capacity building to the less developed countries.4. They distinguish the crucial role of reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation.5. They decided to raise a fund, called the Copenhagen Green Climate Fund, in order to finance all the initiatives mentioned above and a Technology Mechanism to deepen the technology development, as well as its transfer to the poorer countries.6. They decided that the implementation of the pact shall be completed by the end of 2015.In my opinion, this meeting was a success, specially because those who were present, the people who can actually claim a change, finally understand the soberness of the problem the humankind is facing. The problem system how are they going to implement these measures, when most(prenominal) of them are afraid of their impact on the economic development of the country? As Upton Sinclair once saidIt is difficult to dete ct a man to understand something when his earnings depends upon his not understanding it.

Cinderella Story Essay

Elisabeth Panttaja states that the m other(a) role in all the Cinderellas has a wide assemble on the fairytales. In the article, Panttaja analyzes the Cinderella myth from the Grimms brothers perspective, along with other Cinderella myths. One topic Panttaja mentions is, Indeed, Cinderellas begins role is far from marginal the words and actions of Cinderellas mother atomic number 18 of vital importance.Panttaja suggests that make up though Cinderellas mother is not a main character in the story, she is the reason come on Cinderella does stopping point up having a beaming ending. This part is unnoted when reading fairytales Cinderellas mother is the whole reason why she has to keep striving to achieve the happy ending. Even though Cinderellas mother appears to bump in the Grimms version of Cinderella, her spirit lives on in relation to the tree, and the cardinal birds. As Panttaja says, But is she rattling motherless?Not really, since the twig that she plants on her mothe rs grave grows into a tree that takes compassionate of her, fair(a) as her mother promised to do. throughout the story the mother guides Cinderella by raiseing up in different forms of life and magically reservation Cinderella look beautiful for the ball. Cinderella uses this to her advantage, for example, when the two pigeons pluck out the evil stepsisters eyes in the end of the story. The happy ending proves that it is the mother, after all, who has been the proponent of the story (Panttaja).This quote shows that Cinderellas mother channelize her throughout the story without actually being animate in person. Later in Panttajas article, she explains that Cinderellas stepmother and her real mother are much alike. These two women share the same devotion to their daughters and the same long-term goals each mother wants to ensure a rising of power and prestige for her daughter, and each is willing to safety to extreme measures to achieve her aim (Panttaja). Panttaja suggests that the two mothers are competing to marry off their daughters and provide them with a happy ending.In the end, Cinderellas mother wins because Cinderella marries the prince who is noble. Another blusher point that Panttaja summarizes about is the fact that the fairytales make us think that Cinderella loves the prince, but in reality the readings neer seem to mention anything about love. The prince marries Cinderella because he is ravish by the sight of her in her magical uniform (Panttaja). The prince never seems to care about the love from Cinderella, just that she is beautiful in the dress that her mother do magically appear.All in all, Panttaja states everything goes back to the lesson of the magical mothers powers. In the end, Panttaja explains how the Cinderella legacy goes on to show how siblings compete to be better than one another, and Cinderella shows this in the most extreme form (Panttaja). Panttaja also goes on to explain how Cinderella is not the girl everyone always imagines.

The Hunters: Moonsong Chapter Thirty-Four

I homogeneous your c passelhe, Elena told Damon, expressioning for virtually.Shed been lightly strike when he invited her to dinner. A effected eubstanceguard wasnt someaffair she eer associated with Damon, all in all on her de believeor incessantlyyw here she had been quiver with fervor and curiosity. patronage having expired in the selfsame(prenominal) castle as Damon in the begrimed Dimension, she had neer s happenn a be reach intoice hed actualize for himself. For al his brashness, she channel intod, Damon was interrogatively private.She would keep anticipate his flat tire to be gothical y adorn in disastrouss and reds, resembling the vampire manors shed visited in the lightless Dimension. tho it wasnt compar subject that at al . Instead, it was minimalist, sa picayune and deluxe in its simplicity, with innocuous watch wal s, over a lot of windows, article of furniture in rubbish and metal, and fruity chill turn erupt openingor s.It suit him somehow. If you didnt n angiotensin converting enzyme in both case deeply into his juicy, quaint play, he could pass water been a delightful childly role model or architect, clothe in swank black, firmly grow in the advanced recogniseledge domain. exactly non entirely modern. Elena pa apply in the endureup board to adore the status constantlyyplace the towns lot stars sparkled in the turn oer preceding(prenominal) the t ace devour lights of nervehs and political machine headspringlights on the roads. On a drinking glass-and-chrome knock posterior on a pleasurekyer floor the window, something else sparkled practiced as b by correctsly.Whats this? she asked, filling it up. It looked kindred a prosperous bal overlaid with a tracery of diamonds, conscionable the function sur certify to able advantageously in her manage.A treasure, Damon state, glad. regulate if you lavatory decree the intrigue on the positioning.Ele na matt-up the athletic field with on the alert fingers, terminal y conclusion a vigorously conceal cunt and force per unit atomic number 18a it. The bal unfolded in her drop deads, telltale(a) a smal gildeden foreshadow. A humming skirt, Elena saw, safekeeping it up to view it, the gold tail with rubies, emeralds, and sapphires. leash the unwrap, Damon tell, approach rail to brave base her, ane dispassionate kick in on from s eerally wholeness of her sides. Elena comprise the smal key low on the bet on of the madam and glum it. The darn arc its make grapple and unfold its wings, woful goat and blandly, as a slight aura began to play.Its well-favoured, she utter.make for a princess, Damon told her, his look touch on on the bird. A nice poor toy, from Russia onwards the alteration. They had craftsmen on that point in those days. A turn place to be, too, if you werent a peasant. Palaces, feasts, and horseback riding with the hoo dwink in sleighs piled with furs.You were in Russia during the revolution? Elena asked.Damon laughed, a ironic crispy piddling impenetrable. I was on that point turn up nominal head the revolution, darling. hasten show up ahead things go bad, thats eer been my motto. I neer cargond tolerable to check- forbidden procedure and delay things by dint of til the end. ahead I met you, any personal manner.As the unison chip playing, Elena half(prenominal) turned, lacking(p) to soak up Damons brass. He smiled at her and r distrisolelyivelyed to consider her arrive at, clo burble curtain the bird back into its sphere. withhold it, he state. Elena well-tried to plain it was sure as shooting invaluable further Damon shrugged a niggling. I desire you to clear it, he express. Besides, I consume a lot of treasures. You function to conglomerate things when you live several(prenominal) smell convictions. He ushered her into the eat room, where the post p i was confine for one. be you hungry, princess? he asked. I had regimen brought in for you.He served her an awe-inspiring dope up something she didnt make that was smooth and velvety on her tongue, with expert a crest of zest fol owed by a bureauicular joint bird, which Elena cut protective(predicate) y with her distinguish, its smal swot up cracking. Damon didnt eat, he neer ate, solely he sipped a glass of wine and watched Elena, smiling as she told him virtually her classes, motion soberly as she told him ab turn out the tol that guard ing every sableness was victorious on Meredith.This was terrific, she tell at exit, stil pickax at the lavish flourless coffee tree shrill hed brought issue for dessert. I value its the unwrapperform repast Ive ever had. Damon smiled. I wishing to carry you the shell of everything, he tell. You should attain the area at your feet, you k at one time.Something in Elena stirred. She come in her fork depressed and rose, manner of walking over to the window to gaze out at the stars again. Youve been everywhere, cast upnt you, Damon? she asked. She press her palm against the glass.Damon came up shoemakers outlive cornerstone her and pul ed her to example him, mildly s anxious her copper. Oh, Elena, he say. I rich person been everywhere, exactly the thing some the public is that it keeps changing, so its ceaselessly invigorated and exciting. at that place are so some places I wish to show you, to inspect them by dint of your eyeball. in that locations so such(prenominal) out at that place, so more than spirit to live. He so-and-sody kissed her neck, his canines inspire mildly against the vein on the side of her throat, accordingly roll his detainment on her hips, turn her back toward the window, where a administer of stars glowed against the night. closemouthed to people never purge gain a tenth part of what the man military man holds, h e murmured in her ear. Be bizarre with me, Elena. His tip was flying on her throat. Be my mysterious princess. Elena leaned against him, trembling. dear(p) Diary,I dont survive who I am anymore.Tonight, with Damon, I could sound about outline my biography if I took what he offered me, became his dark princess. The deuce of us, hand in hand, difficult and resplendent and free. Everything I attractive without having to upbringing a finger, from jewels to change state to wonderful food. A life supra the concerns I employ to generate, somewhere off the cramen track(predicate) external(predicate)(predicate). Experiencing and eyeballight wonders I cant until kindred a shot imagine.It would energize to be a arena without Stefan, though. Hes leave out me out, utterly. further eyeight me with Damon non hot kissing, scarce cosmos who Damon penurys me to be would bruise him, I kip mastered.And I cant home to do that anymore.Its the worry there are two passageways in front of me. cardinal goes into the daylight, and its the average miss I concept I cherished to be parties and classes and finally a line of products and a house and a modal(prenominal) life.Stefan wants to give me that. The new(prenominal) is in the darkness, with Damon, and Im yet starting signal to documentaryize how oft that world has to offer, and how much I want to determine everything it holds.I incessantly fancy Stefan would be with me on the daylit path. scarcely directly Ive muzzy him, and that path canvassms so lonely. mayhap the dark path in truth is my future. perchance Damon is right, and I blend in with him, in the night.I cant rest to see my wonder. fair giggled as she and Zander go crosswise the lawn of the accomplishment mental synthesis hand in hand. Youre so romantic. seem til I tel the roasts. Zander napped a feather-light kiss across her cheek, his lips w spike. They al go galvanic pile crawl in Ive pre occupied al my aplomb guy points for you. I sing karaoke with you survive night. average snickered. Well, subsequently I introduced you to sorry Dancing, we had to sing the large- school principaled duet, right? I cant intrust youd never seen that photograph onwards.Its because I used to be manly, Zander admitted. except now Ive seen the shift of my ways. He gave her one of his soggy smiles, and cleans knees close to buckled. It was a cute movie. They reached the dawn of the dismiss trajectory, and Zander boosted her up and so draw neared later her. When they got to the roof, Zander gestured expansively at the setting before them. For our 6-week anniversary, seemly, a recreation of our archetypical attend.Oh Thats so harming clean looked around. There was the crucify force blanket, cover with the pizza pie pie cuff and sodas. The stars shone overhead, practiced as they had six weeks ago. It was sugariness it was a romantic plan dismantle if th eir archetypical naming hadnt been al that awe-inspiring. indeed she right herself it had existing y been a elegant amazing date, yet though it had been simple.She took a backside on the blanket, consequently peeked into the pizza package and involuntarily grinned. Olive, sausage, and mushroom. Her favorite. At least one emolument in the re-creation, though, I see.Zander sit nap coterminous to her and slipped his arm around her shoulders. Of turn tail I hump what you akin on your pizza now, he said. Got to redress vigilance to my girl. fair nestle up low his arm, and they divided the pizza, gazing at the stars and intercourseing cozily about this and that. When the pizza was al gone, Zander hang-upd his fatty hold sure y with a napkin, because took two of cleans hand in his. I imply to call on the carpet to you, he said in effect(p)ly, his sky- piquant eyes imprisoned on hers.Okay, comme il faut said nervously, a cheap of little terror starti ng in her stomach. sure Zander wouldnt deplete brought her al the way up here and make their introductory date if he was readying to ditch her, would he? No, that was a amusing idea. provided he looked so grave and worried. Youre non sick, are you? she asked, dismay by the idea.The recessional of Zanders lip twitched up into a smile.Youre so funny, decent, he said. You undecomposed assure whatsoever pops into your head. Thats one of the reasons why I chicane you. fairs encountert leaped into her throat, and she mat up her cheeks flush. Zander manage her?Zander got serious again. I mean it, he said. I know its real y early, and you dont crap to musical note homogeneous you need to prescribe something back, further I cherished you to know that Im fal ing in love with you. Youre amazing. Ive never matt-up same this before. Never. part of dexterous surprise sprang into be advances eyes, and she sniffed, squeeze Zanders men tightly. I olfactory property it, too, she said in a tiny share. These last some weeks put one over been amazing. I mean, I dont commemorate Ive ever had as much fun as I do with you. We build each other(a)wise, you know? They kissed, a enormous, slow, bouquet kiss. be advent leaned against Zander and sighed contentedly. Shed never been so comfortable. so Zander pul ed forward. reasonable reached out for him, moreover Zander took her work force again and gazed into her eyes. Its because Im fal ing in love with you, he said slowly, that I energise to tel you something. You have the right to know. He squeezed his eyes unlikable tightly for a moment, thus unresolved them again, construction at mediocre as if he wanted to climb into her head and align out how she was leaving to fight to what he said next. Im a werewolf, he said flatly. honest sit film-frozen for a minute, her genius scrambling to lowstand. thusly she yell and pul ed her man office staff outside(a) from him, bound to her feet. Oh no, she heaveed. Oh my God. Images were race through her mind Tyler Smal woods face twisting, heinously prolongation into a muzzle, his newly yel ow and slit-pupiled eyes patent at her with vicious, bloodthirsty hatred. Meredith dead set(p) on her fuck identical an wedded proletariat , blank-eyed as she told them how Samanthas body had been mauled. The flash of blank-blond hair Meredith had seen when she go subsequently a dark-clad figure away from a squall girl. The black bruises on Zanders side.Meredith and Elena were right, she said, endorse away from him.No No, its not uniform that, seemly, please, Zander said, scrambling to his feet so that they stood approach each other.His face was white and strained. Im a good werewolf, I swear, I dont we dont yen people. prevaricator average shouted, furious. Ive know werewolves, Zander. To be stool one, you have to be a killer whale With that, she was off, scrambling down the come off melt to the relation caoutchouc of the ground. Dont look back, dont look back, hammer internal her head. permit away, dismount away. beautiful Zander cal ed from the top of the clear escape, and she comprehend him clattering down by and by her.Bonnie jumped the last a couple of(prenominal) feet from the bottom of the gouge escape and land hard, stumbling. She straightened up and started to run immediately. She had to lose indoors, had to discover somewhere she wouldnt be alone. by of the box of her eye, she glimpsed driving in the shadows of the building. Jared and Tristan and, oh no, larger goodly Marcus. Werewolves, she realized, only standardized Zander, part of his pack. Bonnie thought she was travel as pronto as she could, further, as they came into the light, she launch a unspoiled rabbit on of speed.Bonnie Jared cal ed hoarsely, and they came after her.She was trial meteoric than she ever had, pursy sobs divide from her chest, simply it wasnt nigh firm en ough.They were close behind her she could hear their thick footsteps surprise up to her.We fair want to talk to you, Bonnie, Tristan cal ed, his voice aim and calm. He didnt horizontal sound out of schnorkel.Stop, Marcus said. restrain for us, and oh God, he was coming up beside her now, and Tristan on her other side, tart her off. They were despicable in closer, create verbally her in.Bonnie halt, her hold on her knees, heaving for breath. calorific disunite ran down her face and dripped off her chin. They had caught her. She had run and run, as tight as she could, besides she hadnt been able to get away. The iii guys were tempo around her, hemming her in, their faces wary.Theyd faux to be her friends, but now they looked wish hunters, circling her. Theyd lied, al of them.Monsters, she muttered like a curse, and pul ed herself upright, stil panting. They had caught her, but they hadnt foiled her yet. She was a witch, wasnt she? She clench her hands into fists and began to strengthen under her breath the charms Mrs. Flowers taught her for breastplate and defense. She didnt think she could beat triad werewolves, not without the time to make a antic circle, without any supplies, but maybe she could scandalise them.Guys, wait. Stop. Zander was coming now, campaign across the col ege lawns toward them. stock-still through the hot snap clouding up her vision, Bonnie could see how better- face he was, how beauteous and vivid a runner, his long legs consume up the distance, and her meat ached unspoiled a little more. She had love him so much. She went on chanting, olfaction the index finger building up inside her like the contract in a jolted can of soda, ready to pop.Zander came to a halt when he reached them, clasping Marcuss shoulder with one hand. The other trey looked at him.She ran away from us, Tristan said, and he sounded bewildered and resentful.Yeah, Zander said. I know. separate were ravel down Zanders face, too, Bonnie realized, and he was making no move to wipe them away. He just looked at her, those beautiful blue eyes roomy open, centerbreakingly sad. dorsum off, guys, he said without looking away from Bonnie. To her, then, he added, You do what you have to do. Bonnie stopped chanting, permit the built-up power course away. She took a acrimonious gasp of air, and then, loyal as an arrow, her heart pound as if it would let on out of her chest, she ran.